A focused first week in English builds a small but genuinely usable foundation, since English's light grammar lets beginners form real sentences unusually quickly.
Confirm the 26 letters, then start memorizing a small set of extremely common, irregularly-spelled words ("the," "was," "said") as whole units — see English Alphabet.
Practice simple statements ("I eat rice," "She reads books") to internalize English's fixed word order before adding any grammar terminology.
Introduce basic question formation using "do" ("Do you like coffee?") and a handful of common greetings and courtesy phrases (see English Phrases).
See also the reference page: English for Beginners.
The alphabet and a small set of common, irregularly-spelled sight words, memorized as whole units rather than sounded out.
No — practicing basic subject-verb-object sentence patterns directly tends to work better than starting from formal grammar terms, which are easier to understand once attached to patterns you already recognize.
Questions using "do" ("Do you like coffee?") — this pattern is used constantly and is worth introducing in the first week.
No — they're better learned as whole vocabulary units once basic sentence patterns and core vocabulary are already established.