← Back to Tarc

The German Alphabet

German uses the same 26 Latin letters as English, plus a small set of additions: three umlauted vowels (ä, ö, ü) and one special consonant, the eszett (ß, also called scharfes S).

Umlauts change the vowel sound entirely

An umlaut isn't a stylistic accent — ä, ö, and ü represent genuinely distinct vowel sounds from their unmarked counterparts a, o, and u, and can change a word's meaning entirely (schon, "already," vs. schön, "beautiful").

The eszett (ß)

ß represents a sharp "s" sound, historically written as a combination of two other letters. It's used only in specific spelling contexts (largely after long vowels), and Swiss German spelling conventions typically avoid it entirely in favor of "ss" — a real, standard regional variation rather than an error.

Every noun is capitalized

Unlike English, German capitalizes every noun, not just proper nouns and sentence starts — a genuinely distinctive spelling convention among major world languages that, once familiar, actually helps readers quickly identify which words in a sentence are nouns.

German is planned for Tarc but isn't built yet, so there's no lesson to start today. Everything else on this page is accurate, standalone information about German. Reach out to be notified at launch.

Frequently asked questions

What are umlauts in German, and do they matter for meaning?

Ä, ö, and ü represent distinct vowel sounds from a, o, and u — not a stylistic accent — and can completely change a word's meaning (schon vs. schön).

What is the eszett (ß) used for?

It represents a sharp "s" sound in specific spelling contexts, mostly after long vowels; Swiss German typically uses "ss" instead as a standard regional variation.

Why are all German nouns capitalized?

It's a distinctive German spelling convention, unlike English or French — every noun is capitalized, not just proper nouns, which helps readers quickly spot nouns in a sentence.

Is a German course available on Tarc yet?

Not yet — German is planned for a future course. Contact Tarc to be notified when it launches.

Get notified when German launches on Tarc →

See also: German Pronunciation · Learn German · English Alphabet